Which of the following constitutes breaking laws or rules in professional practice?

Violating client confidentiality is a clear breach of laws and ethical codes in professional practice. Confidentiality is a fundamental aspect of the therapeutic relationship, as it fosters trust and encourages clients to share sensitive information. Most psychological practices are governed by legal statutes and ethical standards that require mental health professionals to safeguard client information. When confidentiality is violated, it can lead to severe consequences for the client, including emotional harm or damage to their reputation, as well as legal repercussions for the practitioner.

In terms of the other options, following ethical guidelines, engaging in continuing education, and providing pro bono work are all actions that adhere to professional standards. Ethical guidelines are designed to protect clients and ensure practitioners maintain the integrity of their work. Continuing education helps professionals stay informed about the latest practices and knowledge in the field, which ultimately benefits clients. Providing pro bono work demonstrates a commitment to ethical practice and community service, rather than constituting any form of rule-breaking. Thus, violating client confidentiality stands out as a significant legal and ethical violation in contrast to the other options.